Smokers are 2-4 times more likely to develop heart disease than non-smokers. Smoking: Cigarette smoking damages the walls of the blood vessels, making them more likely to accumulate fatty deposits. regular physical activity as been shown to have a beneficial impact by reducing non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. Physical inactivity: Being physically inactive can have a detrimental effect on non-HDL cholesterol levels. Excess sugar and starch intake contributes to high triglycerides. Unhealthy diet: A diet high in saturated fat (found, for example, in animal products) and trans fats (found in various industrially processed foods) can lead to an increase in cholesterol levels. Metabolic conditions such as type 2 diabetes can also influence an individual’s cholesterol and triglyceride levels. High cholesterol can be inherited, but it’s often the result of unhealthy lifestyle choices, such as inactivity, smoking and an unhealthy diet. FH remains mostly underdiagnosed and undertreated due to low awareness, both among the public and among health professionals – only 10% of those affected know about their condition and are adequately treated. When diagnosed, treatment is not systematic, and patients have poorly controlled cholesterol levels. As a result, they too often remain unnoticed. Hypercholersterolemia and Familial Hypercholesterolemia are largely silent diseases they cause no symptoms. This results in the more rare and severe form of FH. Two inherited mutations – called Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) – happen when a mutation for HeFH is passed on from each parent to their child. One inherited mutation – called Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) – means that one abnormal mutation is passed down to a child, typically from one parent. The number of mutations that are inherited determine the type of FH an individual has.
Ldl cholesterol range europe skin#
Patients may develop fatty skin deposits, known as xanthomas, on their body or cholesterol deposits may also be visible on the eyelids, a condition called xanthelasmas.įH is inherited. As a result, cholesterol accumulates in the bloodstream and can ultimately build up in the arteries’ walls. Individuals with FH have a high amount of LDL cholesterol or ‘bad cholesterol’ due to a mutation in one of several genes that control how the liver uses cholesterol.
If left untreated, FH leads to early heart attacks and heart disease. Triglyceride levels may be high despite relatively normal levels of good cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol.Ī high triglyceride level, combined with low HDL and high LDL, can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.įamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic condition that causes high cholesterol and affects approximately 34 million people worldwide, or one in 200-250 people. Being overweight, eating a lot of fatty and sugary foods or drinking too much alcohol may lead to raised blood triglyceride levels. They are the most common type of fat in our bodies, and they store excess energy, or fat, from our diet. A healthy level of HDL cholesterol can protect against heart attack and stroke.Ī third component, known as triglycerides, also plays a role in our cholesterol health.
HDL is often referred to as “good” cholesterol, because it carries unnecessary cholesterol away from our arteries and back to our liver, where it’s broken down and eliminated from the body. This can ultimately lead to a heart attack or stroke. LDL is sometimes called bad cholesterol because it can build up inside our arteries, causing them to harden and narrow (a process called atherosclerosis) and limiting blood flow. There are different types of cholesterol, based on what the lipoprotein carries: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL): This combination of proteins and cholesterol is called a lipoprotein. Cholesterol is carried through your blood attached to proteins.
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